A Brief Note On The Dance Culture Of Hip Hop - 1308 Words

Choreographing into the Dance Culture When I asked my audience about what they thought of dance, responses generally jumped to the music, Ballet, Hip Hop, Salsa, So You Think You Can Dance, street dancing, the clothing style, the breaking, the locking, the popping and so much more. When I think of dance, I think of the different techniques of performing, the different tempo and style of each choreography, and of course the music that compliments the dance. According to The Journal of African American History â€Å"over the past three decades, Hip Hop has developed as a cultural and artistic phenomenon affecting youth culture around the word † (Alridge and Stewart 190). Today dance in some sort of way has impacted youth either in a positive or negative way. Hip Hop being a popular dance style tends to relate with people close to my age because it’s being often played on the radio, and at parties, and high school dances. Dance itself is culture, some enjoy it while others do not, and some may even agree they have two left feet. Believe it or not dance can be learned, so with that being said for those who do not participate in dance should be informed about how dance opens up opportunities for adolescents to gain better dance skills, but to also increase their aerobics, and self esteem. With this by using audience analysis and context from Speak Up!: An Illustrated Guide to Public Speaking, I can better tailor by speech to inform my audience about the dance culture. A total ofShow MoreRelatedAfrican Music And Dance Invited Me To Take A Thrilling1518 Words   |  7 Pages African music and dance invited me to take a thrilling journey this past semester. A journey from surprise to skepticism, then from acceptance to appreciation. 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In publishing, theatre, films, television and popular music-industries largely controlled by white men--Blacks continually struggle for both a voice and representation.Read MoreCreative Dance7322 Words   |  30 PagesCREATIVE DANCE History of Creative Dance Creative dance is perceived differently by different sectors of the education system. In many provinces, creative dance is part of the physical education curriculum. More recently, two provinces— British Columbia and Saskatchewan— have considered placing dance under the rubric of arts education. The aspect of creative dance that is emphasized reï ¬â€šects the position creative dance is assigned in the curriculum. When in the physical education curriculum, creativeRead MoreDrum N Bass And Breakbeat2698 Words   |  11 Pagesmid to late 90s. Plus I am also an active producer and have been producing Breakbeat based music for the last eight years. 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There are noRead MoreAnchoring Script1819 Words   |  8 PagesGuests of Honour :  Ã‚  Mr†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦, D irector,UIET   the man of distinct vision and a fountainhead of illuminating ideas, an idol of knowledge and experience and inspiration to all of us. Mr†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.., who is †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1.   Ganesh Vandana speech- Jaisa ki Doston Hamare culture me jab koi subh kariye karte hain to hamare vighan harta ganpati Ganesh ko pratham nimatran dete hai to kyun na aaj ke fest ka aagaj ganpati ganesh ke vandna ke saath Karen.   So put your hands together for the   first performance †¦. .   2.   Sai BhajanRead MoreAnalysis of the Music Industry30024 Words   |  121 Pagesmore people, in more ways, than any other art form. In commercial terms, music certainly generates a higher market value than the other arts, although a comprehensive market size for music in all its manifestations is impossible to calculate. 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In previous years, we did a lot of backstage work like making the sets and decorations,† explains Ms. Casiano. After Piedmont’s performance, the other students from schools in the district performed their own dances and displayed their skills. With over 500 people, the L-Building was too small for the show. All the seats were filled and many spectators had to stand on the side. â€Å"The L-Building was too small. The room was packed. Maybe next year we can have two

Pele Free Essays

Adrian Corona Speech 101 Pele- Informative Speech Introduction: 1. Attention Getter- â€Å"My father always told me, football is a gift from god, and god gave you this gift, just how he gives a song to a musician, or a singer. So you have to take care of your health, how you prepare yourself, and you always have to respect your opponents, and if you do that you will be a great player and no one will stop you. We will write a custom essay sample on Pele or any similar topic only for you Order Now † This is one famous quote from Pele’s book â€Å"My life, and The Beautiful Game. † 2. Brief Intro- Edison Arantes do Nascimento, more known as Pele was one of, if not the greatest footballer in the world. He was born on October 23, 1940 in Tres Coracoes, Brazil. At only 15, he began to play professional football, and made a huge impact in his team, as well as the national team. Even though Edison was his real name, Pele caught on because it means a miracle in Hebrew. He did not like it at first, but got use to it. He is regarded by many players and fans as the best footballer of all time. 3. Thesis- Today I will talk on behalf how and why Pele is known as the world’s best footballer 4. Preview Statement- First I will talk about Pele’s youth career, next I will talk on behalf of his career stats, and highs, and finally I will talk on how Pele impacted the game in many ways. Body 1. Main Point 1- Pele’s Youth Career A. Pele was first spotted by another football star named Waldemar de Brito. He knew from the beginning that he had an indescribable talent, and had to be signed right away. So Pele began playing for Santos at 15 and his national team at 16, and won his first world cup at 17. a. Even though he had many offer from European clubs, he could not leave Brazil because of the law. He even was declared a national treasure in 1961 by President Janio Quadros of Brazil. b. This made him stay in Santos for almost two decades, but brought much success to the team, as well as for him. (Which I will get into later) c. â€Å"It seems as if Edison was born with a football. I remember that even before he could walk, he would have a ball with him, and once he could, well that was that. You would always see him playing with his little friends, and what kept him going was not only the love of the game, but looking up to his father†, says his mother in his book â€Å"My Life and the Beautiful Game. Transitional statement- Now I will move on to Pele’s many career stat’s, and all time career highs. Main Point 2- Pele Career Stats and Highs A. Supporting Point- At the end of his career, Pele was known as â€Å"The Black Pearl†, or â€Å"The King Pele†. This name caught on for many reasons. a. Pele was known for his accomplishments and contrib utions to the game of football. b. For one, Pele has many awards and records. Some of them are: c. In 1999, he was voted Player of the Century by the International Federation of Football. In that same year Pele was elected â€Å"Athlete of the Century† by the â€Å"International Olympic Committee and Reuters News Agency. † d. He was the best well paid athlete of the world for his time. e. He is the most successful league scorer in the world with 541 league goals. In total, he scored 1281 in 1363 matches. f. Won the world cup 3 times (World Record 1958,1962, 1970) g. Won numerous titles with Santos, such as the Copa Libertadores, Intercontinental Cup. (Both in 1962, 1963), Supercopa de Campeones Internacionales (1968), and many, many more. These accomplishments are with Santos only, not the Cosmos) h. He was also one of the best players in the world cups he participated in, receiving the Silver Boot, Silver Ball, and Golden Ball. As well as the all time leading scorer with 77 goals in the national team. i. With a record high of 40 official titles, and a few more runner up titles, Pele without a doubt was considered as the greatest footballer of all time. j. Pele is also acknowledgeable for his vocal support of policies to improve conditions for the poor. He even dedicated his 1000th goal to the poor children of Brazil. . Even after retirement, Pele was still around serving as a worldwide ambassador and has taken many roles for participating in FIFA events such as promotions for the world cup. Transitional Statement- After getting some idea of his many accomplishments, I will finally talk about the ways Pele changed the game of Football forever. Main Point 3- The change Pele brought to Football. A. Supporting Point- Pele brought many new ways to play football. a. For one, he was one of the first to do actual tricks in a match of football. For example a top hat in his first world cup. No other team has ever seen something like this. b. Pele also set many new standards for the game. He set many records that people still try to break to this day. c. He also made other players strive to become as successful as he did. Made, and encouraged many players to become more than just a good player that they already are. d. He was one of the reasons why the prices in the contracts of footballers went up because when more than one team will bid for the same player, they added more money too it. e. And according to the New York Times, Pele is seen as an all rounded player, being the player that he was, and being committed to helping out his country, which makes him almost unreachable by other footballers. Now I will conclude my topic of The one and only Pele Conclusion- A. Pele is seen as the world’s best footballer. B. Today I have informed you about Edison, or more known as Pele, and his youth career, career stats and highs, and how he changed the game forever. C. Even though there are many great footballers like Maradonna, Hugo Sanchez, Ronaldihno, and many others, no one has compared to The King, Pele. Works Cited Page 1. Fish, Robert L. Pele : My Life and the Beautiful Game: The Autobiography of Pele. London: New English Library, 1978. Print. 2. â€Å"A Biography of Pele. † A Biography of Pele. Www. latinosportslegends. com, Apr. -May 2001. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. http://www. latinosportslegends. com/Pele_bio. htm. 3. Cooper, Ben. â€Å"Soccer’s Superlative. † Soccer’s Superlative. New York Times, 04 June 1975. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. http://select. nytimes. com/gst/abstract. html? res=9B0CE5DF1339E63BBC4C53DFB066838E669EDE. How to cite Pele, Essay examples

Integrative Management and Organisational Behaviour

Question: Discuss about the Integrative Management and Organisational Behaviour. Answer: Introduction: Path and goal theory is one of the conspicuous leadership theory invented in the end of 20th century. The theory got developed on the basis of the work psychologist Martin G. Evance (1970). The theory is articulating the application of a specific psychological approach can be cause of motivation to many people. The involvement of leader to find out the path of progress can inspire the subordinate in different way. Wesfarmers is prominent conglomerate of Australia the Company is applying Path and goal leadership style in the organization. This essay will make attempt to analyse the nature of application of the theory that exhibited by the company in its real life business environment, but the explanation will be based on the secondary data. As we know that Path and goal theory substantiates that the desirable behaviour of the subordinates influenced by the behaviour exhibited by the leader (Chemers, 2014). This essay is an attempt to identify the vicarious approach in the cardinal cau se of influence. Path and goal leadership styles: Path and goal leadership theory is the implementation of the strategic thinking of leadership along with pragmatic representation of problem solving skill. In this approach the manager or the leader helps his subordinate to find out the right path to solve the problem in a specific situation. With the help of this process the leader is also serving the goal of the organization. The notion of leading from the front is getting articulated in this theory. The leader is leading his subordinate from the front line when he is the first person to encounter the problem directly (Vroom and Jago, 2007). The leader only can advice other when he is confronting the problem and conceiving the solution personally. In this leadership approach the leader acts like a guru or mentor to his subordinate. In this approach leadership is a cardinal influencer behind productivity. The empathetic stance of the leader helps the strategic attainment of the group. Moreover, analyzing the leadership style that is adopted by Wesfarmers, it is observed that the business organization emphasizes upon following and adopting the Path-Goal Theory Model and this facilitates the leaders of the company to select specific behaviours that are capable of meeting the needs of the employees and leads to the development of a workplace environment that guides the employees through their path in achieving their daily work activities and indivual goals which ultimately leads to the successful achievement of the overall goals of the organization. Thus, there are three processes involved in this model that is adopted by the leaders of the Wesfarmers and they are: Determining the characteristics of the employees and the environment. Selecting an appropriate leadership style that best suits the needs of the employees and also the organization (House and Mitchell, 2006). Focusing upon the motivating factors that prove to be beneficial in assisting employees to succeed in their work. The above discussed process can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: [Source: Self] The ways in which the path-goal model is adopted by the company can be illustrated as follows: [Source: House and Mitchell, 2006] In context to the path-goal theory, it is observed that leaders at Wsfarmers tend to play the following roles: Goal Achievement They provide the required support and guidance to the employees so that the employees can achieve their goals. Overcoming challenges The leaders facilitate the employees with the required resources that prove to be beneficial on efficiently managing the work related issues. Offering incentives The leaders tend to recognize the efforts of the employees and best efforts are also rewarded in both monetary and non-monetary terms at Wsfarmers. Leadership Styles Supportive leadership: Vicarious attitude of the leader is the major significance in this style. In this style the leader can understand the problem of a particular team member to face certain situation and consider the best interest of him and help him to tackle the situation to overcome the problem. Through the leader is helping the organization towards the strategic attainment. Wesfarmers is a leading conglomerate of Australia. At the same time it is a biggest employer of the country. The company has employed 205,000 staffs in the various businesses under their canopy. It has diversified its business in different sectors retail is one of them. The company is owner of two different retail brand of departmental stores Kmart and Target. Target Australia Pty is the leading mid price departmental store in country. There are 308 Target store in all across the continent. The leadership strategy of these store controlled by the Wesfarmers. This conglomerate follows a vertical culture in i ts leadership strategy. Richard Goyder is the Managing Director of Wesfarmers Ltd. Goyder is well known and a celebrated business leader of the continent and famous for his reflective leadership. The application of supportive leadership has been witnessed in Target Australia in his inspiration. Target has employed 2400 people in its 308 stores. In these outlets people are working in different category (Dale and Fox, 2008). There are some entry level positions for lesser experienced candidates. The people are working in these designation harbours a propensity to getting aberrant in context of their work. The immediate supervisor of these personnel remains empathetic for their situation and offers their helping hand to take them out from their imminent jeopardy. But any attainment demands a competent direction behind. Directive leadership: This leadership style is applicable at the when the goal of the enterprise is not we structured. The leader communicates his expectation to the subordinate and ask him move to attain that. The prime trait of this type of this leadership is that it helps to clear confusion from the subordinates. Confusion may get generated to working personnel if the goal is not properly structure goal (Clark, Hartline, and Jones, 2008). The practical application of this type of leadership is getting witnessed Target Australia Pty. Ltd. The person who got employed as an entry level worker in these outlet harbours an initial confusion regarding the job responsibility. The situation becomes burdensome for the immediate supervisor of the frontline staffs because he is the responsible person for the productivity of his immediate subordinates. In this situation he took the responsibility to make these people to understand their goal. Collaborative contribution to the leadership can ma ke the leaders position more concurrent. Participative leadership: In this type of leadership the leader invites participation of the subordinate for the decision making process. An attitude of cooperation gets emerged in the atmosphere that lead the whole enterprise move towards the desirable direction for the entire member in the group. Member involvement is the cardinal trait of this leadership. Group can ask for the valuable input only from an experienced person. There it can be said this approach of leadership is applicable only the time when the group is equipped by well experienced members. It can be the example of diversified leadership. In this type of leadership example the soul decision maker of the group cannot get involved in any centralised decision making process rather he does value and appreciates the cognitive ability of the other members of the group (Hermann, 2005). Wesfarmers does practice this type of leadership for the decision making for the different subsidiaries as well as the conglomerate itself. Richer Goyder the MD is getting accompanied by Michael Chaney Non-executive Chairman, Terry Bowen Finance Director, and the decision taken by Mr.Goyder has been design with the help of these members of the group. It can be considered as application of participative leadership. Motivation can get generated to the neophyte by adopting some other way too. Achievement oriented leadership: In this type of leadership style the leader set a target in front of the team member and motivate them to attain that. The urge of attainment is the most major impetuous that works behind success of this leadership style. This style is effective to cast out the attitude of lack of motivation from subordinates mind (Vigoda-Gadot, 2007). The prominent mid price range retail division of Wesfarmers Target Australia Pty. Ltd is practicing this type of leadership style in their own business. The initial joined staff of the retail division couldnt envisage any immediate tangible success of their performance the supervisor of the division allot the responsibility of these staffs on the basis of the desirable attainment from their side. The endeavour ended with a degree of tangible success end of the day Leadership Variables Employee Traits It has been observed that the leaders at Wesfarmers emphasize upon identifying the specific needs of the employees and on the basis of their specific needs, both the training programs are offered and their efforts are rewarded. Environment The leaders at Wsfarmers emphasize upon adopting open communication system where the employees can directly discuss their issues and concern. Moreover, the leaders also emphasize upon developing a knowledge sharing culture that is again characterized with trust and mutual respect among the employees and also between the management and the employees. Conclusion: This essay has demonstrated the attainment of the strategic success of the group through the empathetic approach of the leader. From the perspective of conventional leadership approach Path goal theory is a path breaking enterprise got developed on the basis of the study on human psychology. The practicality of the theory has been substantiating its claim of effectiveness. Some time the leadership styles based on this theory getting applied in the demand of the situation. It has been discussed in the aforesaid example that the leading Australian conglomerate Wesfarmers is using this approach of leadership style in the regular business practice. These examples are competent to prove that the theory is worthy serve the present requirement of business leadership irrespective of country and continent. Reference: Chemers, M., 2014. An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Vroom, V.H. and Jago, A.G., 2007. The role of the situation in leadership. American psychologist, 62(1), p.17. Dale, K. and Fox, M.L., 2008. Leadership style and organizational commitment: Mediating effect of role stress. Journal of Managerial Issues, pp.109-130. Clark, R.A., Hartline, M.D. and Jones, K.C., 2008. The effects of leadership style on hotel employees commitment to service quality. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly. Hermann, M.G., 2005. Assessing leadership style: A trait analysis. The psychological assessment of political leaders, pp.178-212. Vigoda-Gadot, E., 2007. Leadership style, organizational politics, and employees' performance: An empirical examination of two competing models. Personnel Review, 36(5), pp.661-683. House, R. and Mitchell, T. (2006).Path-goal theory of leadership. Seattle: University of Washington.

The autobiography of Malcolm X

One of the greatest and most influential men that captured the attention of both his friends and enemies, and articulated the struggle, the hunger, and the credence of African-American in the early 1960s is none other than Malcolm X. Malcolm X lived a complex and controversial life, at times landing a job of shoe-shinning, a dancer, criminal, a leader, a minister, and an icon, before his life was drastically ended by an assassins’ bullets at a tender age of thirty nine.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The autobiography of Malcolm X specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He worked tirelessly giving speeches and educating both young and old black Americans to better their lives and create strong communities that embraces strong fabric of self actualization and independent man. Interestingly, Malcolm X is also known for using and changing his names from Malcolm Little, El Hajj Malik, Detroit Red and El-Sha bazz. Most historians argue that those different names of Malcolm represented the different spheres of his live. Needless to say, Malcolm X became one of the greatest symbols of reconciliation and resistance for millions of people around the world. This study will endeavor to explore the life history of Malcolm X who was a son of a Baptist minister. The autobiography of Malcolm X is the outstandingly true story of an African-American man, and it presents the daily struggle of millions of black during the period of racial discrimination and segregation. The study will explore the transformation and individuality of Malcolm X that led him to sustain dedication and will to get education. Malcolm X autobiography unfolds a society that is plagued by discrimination and class segregation in every sphere of America society. Malcolm unveils the struggle of civil rights movements and the emergence of the Black Nationalism. The autobiography of Malcolm X give a detailed true story of Malcolm X as he struggled with the life of hustling, dope peddler and a thief to become a dynamic and influential African American leader. The autobiography captures a span of four decades from the birth of Malcolm X in May 1925, to his assassination on 21 February 1965. Malcolm X was one of the eight children of Louise Little and Reverend Earl. Like many other black American children Malcolm X was raised amidst racial prejudice and poverty stricken family. Malcolm X only attended school up to the eighth grade and he spent most of teenage life in street and prison. During the late 1950s, discrimination and racial segregation was institutionalized in every aspect of America society.Advertising Looking for research paper on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Schools, neighborhoods and businesses were segregated along skin color, and the Supreme Court legalized racial segregation through allowing separate but equal treatment of bo th black and white citizens. Furthermore, several states in America prevented African-Americans from voting. All African-Americans experienced grave hardship during this period given their inferior status in American society (Henry and Nellie, 9). In the early 1950, Malcolm X together with several African Americans leaders organized black militancy that organized both violent and nonviolent demonstration. Malcolm believed that African American had the right to defend they society using any means necessary to gain their freedom. Malcolm X was against the white power structure and racist vigilante groups such as the Ku Klux Klan, which at one time threatened their family (Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz, 2). In addition, Malcolm was against some civil rights organization for their soft stance against American’s racial problems. Before being assassinated Malcolm had moderated his stance against black discrimination and advocated for solidarity among African-Americans, and urged bot h people of all races to work together and end racism. According to the autobiography of Malcolm X, his life is a good example of how determination, confidence and perseverance can change the life of an individual (Manning, 5). The next section will critically explore the life history of Malcolm X from his birth to up to his assassination. The section will critically analyze some of the achievements and setbacks that Malcolm went throughout his life. Malcom X was born on 19th May 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, and was a son of an African Baptist preacher. His mother, Louise Norton Little was a house wife and took responsible of raising the eight children. Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz, (2) explains that the father of malcoml X, Earl Little was an outspoken activists and minister, and was among the strongest members of Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and a member of Marcus Garvey. This organizations made Earl Little to brush shoulders with white supremacist groups including the Ku Klux Klan. The family of Malcolm X was in constant fear of being attacked from these groups. From the autobiography of Malcolm X (6) he recall that â€Å"When my mother was pregnant with me, she told me later, a party of hooded Ku Klux Klan riders galloped up to our home in Omaha, Nebraska, one night. Surrounding the house, brandishing their shotguns and rifles, they shouted for my father to come out†. The group smashed their family house destroying all their windows and doors, which angered Malcolm X father. The family late moved to Lansing, but their house was late burned by the Ku Klux Klan and the family managed to escape without any major injuries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The autobiography of Malcolm X specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Aboulafia (7) explains that on 8th September 1931, the further of Malcolm X was fatally killed by streetcar on his way to home, at then Malcolm was only six years old. The police ruled his death to be an accident although the black community refuted the finding of the police claiming that the white supremacy groups had a hand on his death. The death of Malcolm X father changed their family life drastically. Henry and Nellie (67) explains that since their father was the bread winner, their financial problems worsened. Furthermore, Mrs. Louise Norton Little was most devastated by Mr. Earl death, which made her suffer from enormous stress and anxiety caused by the responsibility of raising the eight children. Her mother was later institutionalized in the early 1937, which left the eight children leaving with friends, foster families or their in lasing. Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz (78) explain that Malcolm attended school up to the level of eighth grade. At the age of thirteen Malcolm became expelled from school and the state officials moved him to detention home. During this period, Malcolm had defiant behavior, but he was an outstanding student among his schools mates. At the detention home Malcolm was treated as a mascot to the couples who lived at that home. Malcolm aspired to become a lawyer, but his English teacher discouraged him from becoming a lawyer because he was black. In 1941, Malcolm asked to be transferred to the guardianship of his half sister who was living in Boston. During the stay in Boston, Malcolm was more attracted to street life than in the upper class that her sister resided. Malcolm landed a job of shoe shinning at Roseland Ballroom, which became a center of his life. During this period, Malcolm became a hustler, where he leant how to sell drugs, dancing, con man, dope pusher and a thug. His love life was also affected and he dated many women a white woman Sophia and Laura. In some instances Malcolm explains that Sophia â€Å"was bothered about me living among the prostitutes until I introduced her to some of them, and they talked, and she thought they were great. They would te ll her they were keeping me straight for her† (104). Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz explain that during World War II, Malcolm was able to secure a job in the army by lying about his age. Malcolm secured a job in the railway since the American army was in dire need of cooks, porters and waiters. As a worker in railway, Malcolm became even more dangerous by engaging in drug peddling and gambling. At one point Malcolm X argue that â€Å"One day, in a blackjack game, an old cook who was dealing the cards tried to be slick, and I had to drop my pistol in his face† (119).Advertising Looking for research paper on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Breitman (46) explains that Malcolm was able to secure a job at Small Paradise as a waiter, where he became acquitted with many drug loads and elites. After losing the job at Small paradise, Malcolm was able to form a burglary ring that terrorized many residence together with their sister and girl friend. Malcolm became a drug addict and cocaine dealers, whereby he was well known by the police. He escaped several attempts to be caught by the police. At the age of 20 years, malcon became a well known drug dealer, burglar and peddler. In 1946, Malcolm was arrested and sent to 10 years in jail. Manning (9) explains that the prison life changed Malcolm character and behavior for the rest of his life. During the prison life Malcolm met another prisoner called Bimbi who was a self educated man. For the long time that Malcolm had left school he had forgotten how to read and write. With the help of Bimbi encouragement and training Malcolm was able to learn how to read and write. In addition , Malcolm underwent spiritual and moral transformation through the teaching of honorable Elijah Muhammad. Elijah Muhammad was known as the message of Allah (Allah is the name for Muslim god). Elijah was very much adored by the black prisoners since he instilled a sense of self-respect and admiration. Furthermore, Elijah Muhammad condemned very strongly the white supremacist segregation of black people and blamed them on the poor government policies. Elijah blamed whites for the harsh treatment of African-American in the North, and he argued that the only way to solve the injustice was through black separatism (Aboulafia, 8). Breitman (57) explains that it was during this period that Malcolm brother Reginald visited him severally to offer spiritual support. During the numerous visits Reginald advised Malcolm that he had a way of removing him from the prison. During the meetings Reginald advised Malcolm not to eat any pork meat because of religious reasons. The plan of Reginald was to enlist Malcolm in the Nation of Islam, which was an organization known as Black Muslims. The organization was founded by Elijah Muhammad in the early 1930s and their main objective was to urge for the separation of races. The organization viewed the white man as being evil, and blamed them for the misfortune of blacks. Malcolm was very ready to receive this ideology since the white supremacists groups terrorized them constantly. The ideology and teachings of Elijah Muhammad inspired Malcolm to study African American history. Through studying history Malcolm was strongly convinced that the white were responsible for their suffering and mistreatment. Through studying Malcolm joined the Nation of Islam and changed his name to the famous Malcolm X (Henry and Nellie, 9). Aboulafia (78) explains that Malcolm actively studied the work of Elijah, which advocated that the white supremacists worked tirelessly to prevent the blacks from gaining independence. The white ensured that the African Americans did not achieve economic, social and political power. The organization also taught Africans American to fight for their state that was not habited by white. Malcolm became an active member of the group and stated his new career teaching other African Americans to fight for their rights. After serving for seven years Malcolm was released from jail through a paroled and went to recede in Detroid. Malcolm became an active member of the Black Muslim and took up studies to understand the ways of Muslims. In early 1952, Malcolm travelled to Chicago to meet with Muhammad who played an important role in educating him while he was in prison. Malcolm was very determined to understand Muslim and he decided to study personally under the guidance of Elijah. To show his dedication to revolutionize the African American Malcolm returned to Boston and implemented the black temple. In 1954, Malcolm X was elected as the minster of Nation of Islam, which was located in the New York (Aboulafi a, 78). Through the leadership of Malcolm the Nation of Islam grew significantly, and Malcolm gained popularity among the African Americans. The organization grew from a small number of worshippers into a large organized movement that was dedicated to Black separatisms ideology. Malcolm became the greatest and exceptional speaker and teacher for the Black Muslim. Aboulafia (78) explains that Malcolm became increasingly close to Elijah because of his popularity and the successful launch of several temple in different cities. Henry and Nellie, (9) explains that with time Malcolm became the leading symbol of the organization as he organized several lectures and establishment of several mosque. The social life of Malcolm significantly changed through the new status he gained in the Black Muslim organization. In 1955, Malcolm X met Betty Sanders during his lectures at temple Number seven. Betty sander had been invited to several lectures of Malcolm X, and she was impressed with the teach ing of Malcolm X. the two friends met severally and Malcolm managed to convert Betty to become one of the most active lady in Nation of Islam. In 1958, Malcolm and Betty were officially married in Lansing, Michigan. The two couples were blessed with six daughters. Their names were Attallah, Qubilah, llyasah, Gamilah, Malka and Malaak (Henry and Nellie, 89). During his lectures, Malcolm X stated to advocate for violent revolution citing numerous countries that went through the same situation. In one of his numerous speeches, Malcolm cited the American Revolution, French revolution, Russian revolution. In all this revolution, Malcolm argued that it involved the shade of blood. Malcolm argued that you cannot have a revolution without bloodshed and the African American should be ready to shade blood for them to gain independent. In early 1959, the speeches of Malcolm stated to attract media attention through the country. Most importantly the media covered the two leaders that are Malcol m X and Elijah Muhammad because of their strong separatist ideology and hatred for whites. This new found publicity made Malcolm have violent confrontation with police after organizing several protest and demonstrations. Malcolm became a symbol for an angry black man that was tired of constant discrimination (Aboulafia, 78). Malcolm sudden extremist speech and notoriety made Elijah Muhammad fearful. Elijah stated to reduce the support that was given to Malcolm and during the same period Malcolm had rumors that Elijah had violated the code of Nation of Islam. The disagreement between Malcolm and Elijah Muhammad became unsolvable, which led to the ultimate suspension of Malcolm. The suspension was meant to last for only 90 days, but Malcolm inquired that Elijah had planned to make the suspension permanent. Malcolm X (300) explains that his suspicions was correct after a member of the group confessed to him that he was paid to assassinate Malcolm through placing a bomb in his car. In 1 964, Malcolm decided to leave the Nation of Islam and formed his own organization called Organization of Afro-American Unity. After visiting pilgrimage in Mecca, Malcolm stated to form different ideology regarding the new war against segregation. Malcolm came up with the ideology of brotherhood. Malcolm stated to blame the American culture and ideology on racism and hugged the African-American to join other whites to end racial discrimination. The ideology that Malcolm came up with was quite different from the Black Muslim ideologies. He rejected the earlier ideology that he was taught with Elijah. He explained that the African American should labor like any other races to build their businesses and homes. Malcolm argued that the African Americans should patronize their own people, and start to build their own respect. According to Malcolm, the African-Americans were supposed to correct their morality, moral and spiritual life. Aboulafia, (200) explains that not most African America ns followed the new ideology of Malcolm. Malcolm made several trips to Africa countries where he was received with government officials. He returned back home where he dedicated most of his time with Organization of Afro-American Unity. Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz (119) explain that the last few month of Malcolm had intense pressure. His house was bombed and he received constant threat both from nation of Islam and his enemies. In 21th February 1965, Malcolm X was assassinated with unknown men by being short several times. During that period, Malcolm was supposed to give a speech at Organization of Afro-America Unity meeting at ballroom in Harlem. Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz, (400) explains that when Malcolm stood to speak a fight stated in the audience. During the commotion three men emerged and short Malcolm several times where he died instantly. Three of the assassins were arrested and two of them were Muslims. Most of the followers of Malcolm believed the assassination was pla nned by a large number of organizations including the government officials. Malcolm was killed but killers were not able to stop his influence (Malcolm X, Haley and Shabazz, 409). It is clear from the study that the autobiography of Malcolm X can be viewed in different perspective. When viewed as an autobiography it portrays an interesting life history of a young man. In addition, when viewed as sociological study, the autobiography gives a clear example of how young people struggle to meet the end meat. Politically, the autobiography has influenced most African Americans to fight for their rights. It clearly shows how religion plays a fundamental role molding character of individuals. One of the difficult positions of the autobiography is that Malcolm X was life was constantly changing. His political ideas were very contradicting, and it was difficult to tell the direction of his ambitions. Works Cited Aboulafia, Anita. Alex Haley’s the autobiography of Malcolm X. REA.com, 1 996. Web. Breitman, George. The Last Year of Malcolm  X; the Evolution of a Revolutionary. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1967. Print. Henry, Louis and Mckay Nellie. The Norton anthology of African American Literature. NY: WW Norton Company, 1996. Print. Malcolm X, Alex Haley and Attallah Shabazz. The Autobiography of Malcolm X; As Told to Alex Haley. New York: Ballantine Books, 1987. Print. Manning, Marable. Malcolm X; a Life of Reinvention. New York: Viking, 2011. Print. This research paper on The autobiography of Malcolm X was written and submitted by user Warren T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

FIO Full Assignment Essays

FIO Full Assignment Essays FIO Full Assignment Essay FIO Full Assignment Essay It entered the retail industry in 1975 with flagship brand Padding . In 1991, Home Stores Sad Bad was launched to hold all the companies involved in the Groups retail, wholesale and manufacturing businesses. It was subsequently renamed to the present Padding Holdings a year later. In 1995, Padding Holdings Sad Bad was converted to a public company limited by hares and adopted the name, Padding Holdings Bertha and soon listed on the Second Board of the then Koala Lump Stock Exchange. Today, Padding Group is a leader in the multimillion textile and garment industry in Malaysia. We have nine labels in our family of brands and retail in 330 freestanding stores, franchised outlets and consignment counters in Malaysia and around the world. Our labels proudly carry the Made in Malaysia stamp abroad in Bahrain, Brunet, Cambodia, Egypt, Indonesia, Kuwait, Morocco, Manner, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thailand and United Arab Emirates. Padding address fashion conscious consumers of both genders and all ages through their ten distinct brands: Padding, Seed, Padding Authentic, PDP, P, Vinci, Vinci Accessories, Tizzy, Mike Kids and Brands Outlet. Each of these labels represents a particular fashion philosophy and encompasses a comprehensive range of products that fit into their targeted consumers universe. Padding will maintain and increase its leadership position in Malaysias fashion industry through various strategies. New brands and increased product diversity are key expansion policies. : The company will continue to upgrade the image of its reduces while emphasizing value and quality. Vinci is the companys successful toehold in the lucrative but competitive womens footwear market. There are plans to strengthen its dominant position with improved production lines and increased capacity. In order to have successfully etched its brand names into the consciousness of Malaysian consumers, Padding is moving to turn its various labels into regionally- recognized fashion leaders. B) SOOT Analysis of Padding Holdings Bertha.

What Is a Sonnet The 6 Forms, Explained

What Is a Sonnet The 6 Forms, Explained SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve likely read at least a few sonnets in English class, perhaps during a Shakespeare unit. But what is a sonnet exactly? Is there just one sonnet form? Did Shakespeare invent it? Read onto learn about the history of the sonnet and the various qualities that make up a sonnet poem, including the traditional sonnet rhyme scheme and meter. We'll also go over all the major types of sonnets, give you examples, and offer a handful of tips for writing your very own sonnet poem. What Is a Sonnet? Overview History A sonnet is a short lyric poem that consists of 14 lines, typically written in iambic pentameter (a 10-syllable pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables) and following a specific rhyme scheme (of which there are several- we’ll go over this point more in just a moment). In addition, sonnets have something called a volta (twist or turn), in which the rhyme scheme and the subject of the poem suddenly change, often to indicate a response to a question, a solution to a problem, or the resolving of some sort of tension established at the beginning of the poem. This turn normally happens closer to the end of the sonnet, though precisely when it appears varies depending on the particular sonnet form. Now, what about the history of the sonnet? Originating in Italy, the sonnet comes from the Italian word sonetto, meaning "little song" or "little sound." The oldest known sonnet form was invented by Italian poet Francesco Petrach in the 14th century. Called the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet, this sonnet structure consists of first an octave (eight lines of verse in iambic pentameter) and then a sestet (six lines). The rhyme scheme is abba abba; the rhyme scheme in the sestet can vary a little but is typicallycde cde or cdc dcd. But it is perhaps famed 16th-century English poet and playwright William Shakespeare who came up with the most well-known and easily recognizable sonnet form. In the Shakespearean or English sonnet, each line is 10 syllables long written in iambic pentameter. The structure can be divided into three quatrains (four-line stanzas) plus a final rhyming couplet (two-line stanza). The Shakespearean sonnet rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg. Many other sonnet structures have been invented by an array of poets (we’ll go over what these are shortly). In terms of themes, these days sonnets are most often associated with themes of love and romance, though topics such as death, time, and faith are not uncommon. Petrarchan vs Shakespearean: The 2 Main Sonnet Forms As I explained above, the two main types of sonnets are the Petrarchan (or Italian) sonnet and the Shakespearean (or English) sonnet. Before we go over both of these types in more detail, let’s take a quick look at some of the key similarities and differences between the two sonnet forms: Origin # of Lines Iambic Pentameter? Structure Rhyme Scheme Volta Petrarchan Sonnet Italian 14 Yes An octave and a sestet abbaabbacdecde OR abba abba cdc dcd Between the eighth and ninth lines Shakespearean Sonnet English 14 Yes Three quatrains and a rhyming couplet abab cdcd efef gg Between the 12th and 13th lines Portrait of Francesco Petrarch Petrarchan Sonnet The Petrarchan sonnet is the original sonnet structure developed by Italian poet Francesco Petrarch. To reiterate, here are the main characteristics of this sonnet form: Structure: An octave followed by a sestet Volta: Happens between the eighth and ninth lines Rhyme Scheme: abba abba followed bycde cde ORcdc dcd Let’s look at an example of a classic Petrarchan sonnet. The following poem was written by famed 19th-century English poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Sonnet 43, commonly referred to as, "How Do I Love Thee?" follows the Petrarchan sonnet rhyme scheme of abba abba cdc dcd: Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barrett Browning How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. (a)I love thee to the depth and breadth and height (b)My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight (b)For the ends of being and ideal grace. (a)I love thee to the level of every day’s (a)Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. (b)I love thee freely, as men strive for right; (b)I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. (a)I love thee with the passion put to use (c)In my old griefs, and with my childhood’s faith. (d)I love thee with a love I seemed to lose (c)With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, (d)Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, (c)I shall but love thee better after death. (d) In this highly romantic Petrarchan sonnet, the speaker is enumerating the many ways she loves someone. The octave stresses the all-encompassing love she has for this person, while the final sestet- where the voltaappears- presents a subtle comparison between the speaker’s present passions and "old griefs," or prior struggles in life. Title page for Shakespeare's sonnet collection, first published in 1609 Shakespearean Sonnet The Shakespearean sonnet is arguably the most famous sonnet form and was developed by William Shakespeare, who wrote more than 100 sonnets using this structure. Here are the main characteristics of the Shakespearean sonnet: Structure: Three quatrains followed by a rhyming couplet Volta: Happens between the 12th and 13th lines Rhyme Scheme: abab cdcd efef gg Now, let’s take a look at a particularly well-known sonnet written by William Shakespeare: Sonnet 18, or what is more commonly referred to as "Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day?" Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? (a)Thou art more lovely and more temperate. (b)Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, (a)And summer's lease hath all too short a date. (b)Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, (c)And often is his gold complexion dimmed; (d)And every fair from fair sometime declines, (c)By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed; (d)But thy eternal summer shall not fade, (e)Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, (f)Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, (e)When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st. (f)So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, (g)So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. (g) This eloquently written poem perhaps best encapsulates the Shakespearean sonnet form. Here, Shakespeare compares the transient beauty of a young man to a tranquil, warm summer day. The volta, as we know, appearsin the final rhyming couplet and is the point at which Shakespeare confidently declares the young man’s youthful beauty will forever live on- evenlong after he dies- through these very words. 4 Additional Forms of the Sonnet Poem While thePetrarchan and Shakespearean sonnet forms are indisputably the most famous and most popular kinds of sonnets, several other sonnet structure typesdo exist. These include the following, each of which we’ll go over in more detail below: Spenserian sonnet Miltonic sonnet Terza rima sonnet Curtal sonnet Portrait of Edmund Spenser Spenserian Sonnet The Spenserian sonnet is a sonnet form named for 16th-century English poet Edmund Spenser, who introduced this structure in his 1595 collection of sonnets titled Amoretti. The Spenserian sonnet is extremelysimilar to the Shakespearean sonnet.The main difference is the rhyme scheme: whereas the Shakespearean rhyme schemeintroduces a new rhymein each quatrain, the Spenserian sonnet carries over the latter rhyme from the previous quatrain in a chain rhyme: abab bcbc cdcd ee. Like both the Petrarchan and Shakespearean sonnets, Spenserian sonnets are normallywritten in iambic pentameter. Here is an example of a Spenserian sonnet, written by Edmund Spenser himself. Sonnet III is taken from Spenser’s Amoretti: Sonnet III (Amoretti) by Edmund Spenser The sovereign beauty which I do admire, (a)Witness the world how worthy to be praised: (b)The light whereof hath kindled heavenly fire (a)In my frail spirit, by her from baseness raised; (b)That being now with her huge brightness dazed, (b)Base thing I can no more endure to view; (c)But looking still on her, I stand amazed (b)At wondrous sight of so celestial hue. (c)So when my tongue would speak her praises due, (c)It stopped is with thought's astonishment: (d)And when my pen would write her titles true, (c)It ravish'd is with fancy's wonderment: (d)Yet in my heart I then both speak and write (e)The wonder that my wit cannot endite. (e) Portrait of a young John Milton Miltonic Sonnet The Miltonic sonnet was named for 17th-century English poet John Milton, who is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost. While this sonnet form is mostly the same as that of the Petrarchan sonnet (it uses the Petrarchan rhyme scheme of abba abba cde cde), Miltonic sonnets use enjambment to offer a more compact, interconnected presentation of the thoughts being expressed. (Enjambment is when a sentence, thought, or phrase continues beyond a line in poetry without pause.) Another key difference between the two sonnet forms is theme: Petrarchan sonnets tend to focus on love and romance, whileMiltonic sonnets are often about faith or political/social matters. The following Miltonic sonnet, titled Sonnet 19 or "When I Consider How My Light Is Spent," is one of Milton’s most famous sonnets: Sonnet 19 by John Milton When I consider how my light is spent, (a)Ere half my days, in this dark world and wide, (b)And that one Talent which is death to hide (b)Lodged with me useless, though my Soul more bent (a)To serve therewith my Maker, and present (a)My true account, lest he returning chide; (b)"Doth God exact day-labour, light denied?" (b)I fondly ask. But patience, to prevent (a)That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not need (c)Either man’s work or his own gifts; who best (d)Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state (e)Is Kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed (c)And post o’er Land and Ocean without rest: (d)They also serve who only stand and wait." (e) Terza Rima Sonnet The terza rima sonnet is named for a poetic convention called terza rima, which is a three-line stanza that uses a chain rhyme (the carrying over of the rhyme used in a previous stanza). The rhyme scheme of the terza rima sonnet is aba bcb cdc dedfollowed by a rhyming couplet that usually echoes the first rhyme of the poem: aa. Here is an example of a terza rima sonnet written by renowned American poet Robert Frost. The poem is titled "Acquainted With the Night": "Acquainted With the Night" by Robert Frost I have been one acquainted with the night. (a)I have walked out in rain- and back in rain. (b)I have outwalked the furthest city light. (a)I have looked down the saddest city lane. (b)I have passed by the watchman on his beat (c)And dropped my eyes, unwilling to explain. (b)I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet (c)When far away an interrupted cry (d)Came over houses from another street, (c)But not to call me back or say good-bye; (d)And further still at an unearthly height, (a) / (e)One luminary clock against the sky (d)Proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right. (a)I have been one acquainted with the night. (a) Gerard Manley Hopkins Curtal Sonnet The curtal sonnet is a shortened, or curtailed, version of the sonnet invented by 19th-century English poet Gerard Manley Hopkins. Unlike the majority of sonnets, the curtal sonnet does not strictly abide by the 14-line rule; rather, it maintains the overall proportions of the Petrarchan sonnet by contracting two quatrains in the octet into two tercets (three-line stanzas) and the final sestet into a quintet (five-line stanza). The final line of the quintet (and the sonnet as a whole) is much shorter than other lines and is called a "tail" or "half-line." As a result, the curtal sonnet can be described as being either 10.5 or 11 lines long. The curtal sonnet rhyme scheme is abc abc followed by dbcdc ordcbdc. What's more, this sonnet formuses a type of meter called sprung rhythm, which differs from iambic pentameter in that each line starts with a stressed instead of unstressed sound and (usually) contains four stressed syllables. One famous curtal sonnet written by Hopkins is "Pied Beauty." This sonnet uses a rhyme scheme of abc abc dbcdc: "Pied Beauty" by Gerard Manley Hopkins Glory be to God for dappled things- (a)For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow; (b)For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim; (c)Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches’ wings; (a)Landscape plotted and pieced- fold, fallow, and plough; (b)And ll trdes, their gear and tackle and trim. (c)All things counter, original, spare, strange; (d)Whatever is fickle, freckled (who knows how?) (b)With swift, slow; sweet, sour; adazzle, dim; (c)He fathers-forth whose beauty is past change: (d)Praise him. (c) How to Write a Great Sonnet: 6 Tips Now that we’ve answered the question, "What is a sonnet?" and explained the main variations of the sonnet poem, it’s time to try writing one for yourself! In this section, we'll give you our six best tips for writing a great sonnet. #1: Read Lots of Sonnets The first step to writing a great sonnet poem is to get more acquainted with sonnets and their characteristics as a whole,including how they sound in terms of both rhythm and rhyme, what kinds of themes and subjects they focus on, and what types of volta they employ. You could start by browsingsome of the most famous sonnets by Shakespeare and Petrarch, for example, especially if you’re interested in writing a more traditional sonnet. Another option is tosearch for sonnets in online databases, such as Poets.org. On this website, you can search for a specific sonnet or poet, or browse all available sonnets by choosing "Sonnet" under "Forms" and letting the page load. I recommend reading several sonnet forms (not just Shakespearean!) so you can get a better feel for the sonnet structure you like best andwould prefer touse for your own sonnet. #2: Think of a Topic Once you’ve gotten morefamiliar with the various sonnet structures, it’s time to think of possible topics and themes you could write about in your sonnet poem. Traditional sonnets are love poems, but you shouldn't feel limited to romance. Many people have written sonnetsthat discuss things such as faith, social or political matters, tensions or problems, mundane situations, etc. You don’t even have to choose a serious subject- it could be a sarcasticor ironic sonnet if you so wish! Ultimately, the topic you want to write about in your sonnet is entirely up to you. You can write about anything for your sonnet- even this adorable fox! #3: Choose a Sonnet Form to Follow Once you have an idea for what you want to write about, you'll want to start seriously considering the sonnet form you believe will best fit the vision you have for your sonnet poem. For example, if you strongly prefer poems that don’t have as many pauses and sound a lot more like dialogue, the Miltonic sonnet structure would be a solid choicedue to its use of enjambment. Or, if you find it hard to write 14 rhyming lines, the curtal sonnet might be a good sonnet form to try working with. If you’re not sure which sonnet structure you want to use, try your hand at starting a few different forms to see which one seems to come more naturally to you and to the poem itself. #4: Befriend a Thesaurus A huge part of sonnets is being able to use words that rhyme (or mostly rhyme, as we'll discuss more in the next tip). This can be pretty difficult, especially if you’resticking with the traditional iambic pentameter meter. If you ever get stuck or just want to browse possible words that share a certain meaning, use a thesaurus. Many online versionsexist; I suggest usingThesaurus.com or the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus. A thesaurus will not only help you find words that better fit the topic, meter, and rhyme scheme of your sonnet poem, but will also improve your vocabulary so that you won’t have to rely as much on a thesaurus in the future when writing a sonnet. #5: Don’t Worry About Rhyming Words Perfectly Many people think they have to find perfectly rhyming words in order to write a good sonnet, but this isn’t necessarily true. Although sonnets dotypically have a strict rhyme scheme- whether that’s the Petrarchan rhyme scheme, the Shakespearean rhyme scheme, or something else- many sonnets use words that are NOT perfect rhymes. For instance, let’s look back at the first four lines in Browning’s "How Do I Love Thee?": How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. (a)I love thee to the depth and breadth and height (b)My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight (b)For the ends of being and ideal grace. (a) Becausethis sonnet uses the Petrarchan rhyme scheme, "ways" should rhyme with "grace," but by sounding out these two words, we can immediately tell that they aren’t actually perfect rhymes. The "s" sound in "ways" is more like a "z" sound andclearly differs from the "s" sound pronounced at the end of "grace." This type of rhyme is called an assonant rhymein that while the vowels are the same (that "ay" sound in the middle of both "ways" and "grace"), the consonants are different. Another rhyme you could use in your sonnet poem is a consonant rhymein which the vowels are different but the consonants are the same (e.g., ball and bell, faith and death). The point here is that although rhyming is an important part of the sonnet form, this rule, too, can be bent to better fit the overall image you wish to paint. #6: Don’t Be Afraid to Mix Things Up Our final tip is to be brave when writing your sonnet poem- don’t be afraid to mix things up! Even though the traditional sonnet structure follows a strict pattern in its meter and rhyming, you don’t need to follow any of these if you so choose. Generally speaking, poetry welcomes rule-breaking and creativity, so feel free to try to come up with your own sonnet form or ways to improve upon the traditional sonnet structure. For example,you could develop a new rhyme scheme or try out meters other than iambic pentameter. Just remember that if you change the sonnet form too much, it might not be identifiable as a sonnet anymore, so think about whether that’s a risk you’re willing to take. Oftentimes, the risk is worth the reward. Key Takeaways: What Is a Sonnet? As we’ve seen, there isn’t a simple answer to the question, â€Å"What is a sonnet?† A sonnet can inhabit many different forms depending on things such as the rhyme scheme, length, and meter used. In general, though, here are the main characteristics that define most sonnets: Number of Lines: 14 Meter: Typically iambic pentameter Rhyme Scheme: Petrarchan (abba abba cde cde or abba abba cdc dcd) or Shakespearean (abab cdcd efef gg), among many others Unique Qualities: Contains a volta (twist or turn) closer to the end of the sonnet Common Themes:Typically love and romance but also faith, time, personal emotions, and social/political matters The major sonnet forms are the Petrarchan (Italian) sonnet and the Shakespearean (English) sonnet. Other sonnet forms include the Spenserian sonnet, the Miltonic sonnet, the terza rima sonnet, and the curtal sonnet. Writing a sonnet poem entails a lot of preparation. Once again, here are oursix tips for writing a fantastic sonnet: Read lots of sonnets Think of a topic Choose a sonnet form to follow Befriend a thesaurus Don’t worry about rhyming words perfectly Don’t be afraid to mix things up Now, get out there and start reading (and writing) some sonnets! What’s Next? What is iambic pentameter exactly?This guide explains what the most common poetic meter is and how you, too, can write a poem using it. Whether you're writing a sonnet poem or a story, you'll likely want to use some literary devices to make your writing stand out. Learnhow imagery can bring color to your writingand get a vast list of 100+ words you can use to set the tone of your story. What is personification? Get all the info you need on this useful literary device with our guide.

Two legal codes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two legal codes - Essay Example The law code which was improved to benefit the Roman subjects a few years later came to be known as the Lex Romana Burgundinum. This paper will analyze the two law codes and will focus on their similarities and differences. The Hammurabi law code was based on the presumption of innocence and gives both the accuser and the accused to provide evidence. This is evident in several parts of the code. For example, the third law states, â€Å"If any one bring an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death† (fordham.edu par. 65). Another example of the code’s presumption of innocence is in the eleventh law that states, â€Å"If the owner do not bring witnesses to identify the lost article, he is an evil-doer, he has traduced, and shall be put to death† (fordham.edu par. 65). Apart from the presumption of innocence, the Hammurabi law code had strength in that it considered evidence an important part of judgment. This is evident in many of the laws one of which is the tenth law that states, If the purchaser does not bring the merchant and the witnesses before whom he bought the article, but its owner bring witnesses who identify it, then the buyer is the thief and shall be put to death, and the owner receives the lost article. (fordham.edu par. 65). The Hammurabi law code characteristically is associated with harsh punishments for those found at fault. In many cases, the death penalty is applied for crimes that would otherwise be punished through less punitive measures. For example, the 11th law dictates that failure to bring a witness when one is claiming for an article is punishable by death. To a great extent, the code was based on the notion of an eye for an eye. In several instants, the law demands payments or retribution in compensation for actions committed by a person against another. One example of this is the 200th law that states, â€Å"If a

Critical Issues in Abandoned Information Systems Development Projects Essay

Critical Issues in Abandoned Information Systems Development Projects - Essay Example   Delegating these projects to lower-level managers or generic staff members would likely allow for IS projects to be mismanaged or certain issues to be overlooked. If the senior manager is unaware of what the project team is doing at all critical stages in the information systems project, there is likely to be poor communication between project team members and lack of focus on meeting specific deadlines for project stage completion. Lack of technical understanding about complex projects, also, can involve creating a project team with members who really are not capable of performing the necessary tasks to achieve the project goal. In many ways, this would seem to go hand-in-hand with lack of senior management oversight as when developing a project team there should be a well-coordinated effort to ensure that all members have the expertise necessary to understand project goals and also ensure they are implemented successfully. Again, as pointed out by Ewusi-Mensah, often failures in these projects are not recognized until they come to the crisis stage and the project costs have already escalated out of control. The conceptual nature of IS projects, additionally, poses problems for companies such as those described in the case study. For an organization such as Intrico Consortium, which was looking to create a rather unparalleled reservation system IS project, failure to create a solid outline of project stage expectations prior to selecting project team members and role responsibilities is likely what led to years of cost overruns and the other disputes involving senior-level management.

Sodium acetate Essay Example for Free

Sodium acetate Essay Claim: Relatively pure isoamyl acetate was isolated by elimination reaction as compared to the SN2 reaction. Evidence1: A flask containing isoamyl bromide (6 ml, 0. 050 mole) and potassium acetate (6 g, 0. 05 mole) in 10 ml of dimethyl formamide was positioned in a steam bath and then mounted on a magnetic stirrer. The mixture was heated and magnetically stirred simultaneously for two hours. A white precipitate was found at the bottom of the solution. The mixture was set to cool and 15 ml of cool water was then added to the mixture. The entire precipitate dissolved in the mixture and the content of the flask now got transformed into a clear colorless solution. The mixture was then washed with 15 ml of ether. The lower, aqueous layer in the flask was drawn off and the ethereal was again washed by 5 ml of water. The ethereal was then dried using magnesium sulfate and the ethereal was then gravity filtered. The ether was completely removed by simple distillation1 using steam as a source of heat. The residual crude isoamyl acetate was isolated by simple distillation using a flame as a heat source. Isoamyl acetate; 4. 721 g, 36. 3 mmole, 72. 6 % recovery, B. p= 137? C – 142? C (lit=142? C2). The isoamyl acetate was then tested by infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy); C-H stretch: below 3000 cm, C=O stretch: 1750 cm, C-O stretch: 1250 cm (Appendix 1, 2) Discussion: Isoamly acetate was isolated by SN2 nucleophilic substitution method. It was observed that the Nucleophile, acetate ion directly displaced the bromide ion by substitution. The experiment used potassium acetate rather than sodium acetate. Potassium is larger and less dense than sodium so that the acetate ions more readily take part in the reaction. DMF, a polar aprotic solvent, was used to destabilize the nucleophile that catalyzes the reaction by lowering energy. After the mixture was cooled, water was added to the mixture in order to avert a reverse reaction. The mixture was washed with ether in order to maximize the yield of the produce by the process of dehydration. Any presence of water would cause the reverse reaction, thus minimizing the yield. isoamly acetate was also isolated by elimination reaction, technically termed as fisher esterification. The fisher esterification was favored over SN2 reaction in this experiment. A flame was used as a heat source in the elimination reaction while a steam was used as a heat source in the Sn2 reaction. At higher temperatures, molecules acquire enough energy to climb the energy barrier. This barrier level will be too high to cross at lower temperatures.

Government Censorship of Music Misguided :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Government Censorship of Music Misguided Granted, there are entertainers in the music business who, as Tipper Gore says in "Curbing the Sexploitation Industry," want to send the message that "sadomasochism is the essence of sex," so that they can make a not-so-honest dollar. As Charlene Choy says in "Romantic Rot," some performers will scream about anything, including "suicide, sadism, incest, [and] bestiality," if it will make them stand out and turn a bigger profit than another musician. Still, Gore and Choy are missing the essence of modern rock. To explain which aspect of modern rock Gore and Choy have overlooked, I will define rock in a broader sense than many people use in their day-to-day conversation: for the purposes of this argument, I will define "rock music" to mean any form of music which has emerged since the 1940's which has had enough popularity to allow people to identify themselves as a member of a group based on the type of music to which they listen. Therefore, types of music as diverse as disco, heavy metal, rap, classic rock (from the 1950's through the 1970's), "grunge," pop, industrial rock, and country-western will be covered under this definition. What Gore and Choy have misunderstood is the way that music can create bonds between people, both between individual fans of a particular group and between the singer and an individual fan. People can learn how others think and can learn more about themselves through the sometimes-brutal reality of modern musical lyrics. Nirvana's song "Dumb" can show popular people how it feels to go through high school as a social outcast. The music of Garbage and L7 can give men a glimpse of the female mind. The music of Nine Inch Nails and the Gin Blossoms can take sane people on a trip through the mind of someone who is losing his (or her) sanity. Music can also help people, particularly those going through painful times (such as adolescence) to understand that they are not alone and that other people have the same feelings that they do. After grunge-rock superstar Kurt Cobain committed suicide in April 1994, one fan wrote to Rolling Stone magazine describing how the music of Cobain's band, Nirvana, made her feel. "I could be feeling like total shit," wrote Carrie Loy, "and hear a Nirvana song and end up feeling renewed afterward.

Development through the life stages P2 Essay

The causes of the life factor Down Syndrome Foetal alcohol syndrome Bullying Peer groups Smoking The effect on the development on an individual (PIES)The physical side effect to a child with down syndrome is that they have a small nose and they have a flat nasal bridge, they also have a small mouth, their eyes slant either upwards or downwards. They have weak muscle tone which means they are very floppy; they have big hands and have short fingers. They may have a weight problem which will cause them to put on weight and will affect how they do activities if they start to get overweight and be limited in what they do. They may share physical features from their parent which will make them different. For intellectual, the child may develop a lot of mental health issues while they grow older, many of them face having anxiety, repetitive and obsessive compulsive behaviours. For emotional, they may develop behaviours that could affect their emotions, they may start to get frustrated at th e fact they are delayed with their communication. For social, they are not very confident and people will need to get them to interact with other people and get them into social groups.The physical side effect is the child will have low birth weight, their body features will not be fully developed which will mean they will have a small head, a flat face with a snub nose, they will also have a thinner top lip, they will also have widely spaced eyes. They may develop general or specific learning difficulties. For intellectual, the child may develop a few learning difficulties which will include poor memory, they also have difficulty to understand concepts such as the time and counting money. They also have bad language. For emotional, the child will have a lot of behavioural problems and for this they become hyperactive, they don’t have the ability to concentrate, they have a lot of anxiety and are very stubborn. For social, they have a lot of socialization problems which causes difficulty to build and maintain friendships. The physical side effect is that it can affect the way a person can act, they may resort into eating disorders especially girls. There may be the physical signs, for example bruising around the neck or arms, also scratches and scars. For intellectual, this can affect the way they are towards education if they are being bullied during school, they will not want to attend school so they can get away from the bullies, this will then effect there future. For emotional, it is an emotional distress, which will cause a lot of physical  and emotional pain to them. For social, this will affect how they will interact with other people; due to them being bullied they may find it hard to trust other people and to also want to become friends in case they are bullied again. This will affect how they develop in the future because they may start to isolate themselves from people if they believe they are not strong enough to stand up for themselves. The physical side may have positive and negative sides to peer groups, if you’re in a group and everyone in the group is skinny, it may lead to that person losing weight in a way they should which would affect the body functioning. For intellectual, the groups may tend to be distracted with work which will allow them to fall behind on their work and affect their future. For other groups, it may be different and they may all work together to help each other with work and to achieve what they came to education for. For emotional, the groups may lead to becoming violent towards other people which will bring out aggression in them, they may also have a friendly group which won’t do any harm to people. For social, being in groups will give them the opportunity to develop their social skills, which includes leadership, teamwork or sharing. The physical side effect is they will have a reduce the performance at all the physical training they will do. They have a higher risk of heart attacks/ strokes and will have a higher heart resting rates than non-smokers. It may also affect the financial strain which will cause more worry on a person especially if they have low income. For intellectual, smoking will lead a person to not concentrate for long; it may also lead for the person to be affected mentally. For emotional, the smoking will relieve the stress that they will be building up. For social, it can be a social activity which people will be able to interact with one another when they are outside smoking, sometimes depending on the people, it may cause negativity on relationships. Can the factor be identified before the birth of a babyAntenatal screening can be given at 13 weeks to determine the likelihood of the baby developing or developed the condition. When the women goes for her monthly check-ups, they can notice th e child’s development growth and they will know when the baby is born whether they have been drinking throughout the process of the pregnancyThis factor cannot be identified before the birth because it is the society and the  environment around them that will cause this.This factor cannot be identified because it’s the environment and the friendships that the person will develop when they are in education.The cannot be identified because they are either brought up with a family smoking which will make them more likely to smoke or they want to smoke because other people are smoking. How many the factor influence the life of an individualAll people will down syndrome depending on the condition may be able to live separate from their parents, they may find it difficult to cope but they could get a little bit of work to help them be like other people and not be different. Sometimes they get married and will live their lives.Most adults who have a drinking problem will need help to get them back on track and to be able to look after their child without them resorting back to alcohol. They can get lots of supervision help which they will be able to make day to day decisions with themFor some people, if they were bullied at a young age, it may affect the way they will interact with other people and will tend to isolate themselves, they are at a higher risk of having anxiety or depression. But if the bullying for them was a short term memory, they will forget about what has happened and will carry on with their lives. Depending on how the group has been, if the group had a negative affect then that person may be rude, mean and harsh to other people just like they have grown up doing with in their group. But if there was a positive affect then the person will stay the kind, innocent person they were which will give them more of a social life.Smoking may cause long term effects especially if they are addicted to it, some people along the way may develop cancer which is caused by the smoking which will lose their independents, depending on the condition it may lead to them not being able to live on their own. Care needs to be fulfil individual needsBoth children and adults both need regular check-ups to see how they are getting on and to monitor their health. They may develop some certain health problems and with the check-up doctors will be able to do something about it. The children may need help if they have learning difficulties, they will be able to have someone to keep close eye on them and to make sure that they are progressing, for the adults they will need help in controlling their drinking problem if they have one and to understand the damages that has happened.Any person will be able to receive counselling if they believe they cannot get over it and will need to open up  about how they feel, also having a friendly face who had not bullied the person could help to open up and talk about what had happened. Parents are the people who will be able to influence the child to change the way they were and to not be who they are or how they are turning into. This is when they will need to have someone to be there for them so they are able to open up about how they feel and to let all their aggression outThere can be talking therapies which will help change a person’s thinking and acting towards the smoking and change it positively to help t hem cut smoking and eventually quit.

Coping up with loss Essay

However easy it might sound to cope up with a loss, only the person undergoing the mental trauma can feel the pain; – Affects personal, social and mental stability; – When you love someone or something that is very precious to you, the grief is intense; – It can be quite unsettling and frightening to cope up with a loss or a crisis or a life-changing event; – Talking to a very close friend or a spouse might help to a great deal; – Counseling and healthy advice on coping with a mishap might help; – Isolation is never a solution to heal grief. Face the loss; – Let your pain come out in all the possible forms; – Distract yourself with things you like to do and people you like to talk to; – Allow time to heal. Grief is a natural response to loss. It’s the emotional suffering you feel when something or someone you love is taken away. The more significant the loss, the more intense the grief will be. You may associate grief with the death of a loved one—which is often the cause of the most intense type of grief—but any loss can cause grief, including: †¢Divorce or relationship breakup †¢Loss of health †¢Losing a job †¢Loss of financial stability †¢A miscarriage †¢Retirement†¢Death of a pet †¢Loss of a cherished dream †¢A loved one’s serious illness †¢Loss of a friendship †¢Loss of safety after a trauma †¢Selling the family home The more significant the loss, the more intense the grief. However, even subtle losses can lead to grief. For example, you might experience grief after moving away from home, graduating from college, changing jobs, selling your family home, or retiring from a career you loved.

Globalization essays

Globalization essays Ive never actually supposed that globalization to be the certain part of my life. Probably, the reason is that when I was born this process has been already expanding far and wide, so I just never had another life environment except life within permanent globalization. On the other hand, if globalization should be defined as the mutual penetration of cultures, customs, traditions and so on, I still cant see it. Yes, business communications between countries are obviously getting tighter due to modern technologies, internet and opportunities it provides (video conferences, for example). But separate countries dont seem to share its cultural wealth eagerly, and I seriously doubt they ever will. There is nevertheless one country, which can be called the flagship of globalization (anyhow this term is defined) thats US. But, in my opinion, although US got a number of really outstanding cultural treasures (especially regarding literature), but these are not primaries for them to share with the rest world. Few Japanese teens would know who Edgar Allan Poe is, but they will be certainly up on the nearest McDonalds. That s because being the richest country US have an ability to spread American mass culture and American way of life, and thats the only actual globalization I can presently observe. However, different countries can stand this invasion to a variable degree. Lets take China as an example mainly because Ive been to China so I can stay relatively unbiased in this field. Although youll find a lot of McDonalds and western-style decorated shops and stores on your way through China, but thats not the point. Youll never find cruel Hollywood blockbusters to be on in cinemas, no cheap pocket-books on bookshelves. At the same time China is just opposite to be an isolated unfriendly country. For instance, China has ...

How to Build the Best Editorial Style Guide in 10 Steps (Template)

How to Build the Best Editorial Style Guide in 10 Steps (Template) As a marketer, creating content that converts readers into customers is key to a successful content strategy. However, if your team has multiple writers, it can be tough to enforce content consistency and  brand standards. This is especially true for team members who have to write content, but arent writers by trade. So, how do you maintain a consistent voice across all the content your company creates? The answer starts with a strong editorial style guide.   Theyre the holy grail of writers guidelines, making it easy for everyone to understand your organizations voice, style, and tone. They also answer questions around formatting, appropriate usage of branded terms, and more. When every writer on your team is equipped with one, theyll be prepared to execute content that better reinforces your brand. In this post, youll learn everything you need to know about creating one that work. Table of Contents: Free Template Definition Examples Why Should Marketers Use Style Guides? Step 1. Start With the AP Style Guide Step 2. Create Guidelines For Voice, Tense, and Point of View Step 3. Translate Jargon Into Customer-Friendly Language Step 4. Explain Best Practices for Different Formats and Content Types Step 5. Identify How Branded Terms Must Be Spelled and Formatted Step 6. Define Your Brand Voice and Tone Step 7. Establish Standards of Performance Step 8. Establish Formatting Guidelines Step 9. Set Photo Guidelines Step 10. Define Guidelines for Visual Design Elements What Is ?: is the best editorial calendar platform to keep content marketing teams organized. Curious how we can help your team plan, publish, and measure content more effectively? Start here. Download Your Style Guide Template One reason companies dont bother creating style guides is because they take time. Eliminate that excuse with this free template. Download it now, then use this post to learn how to complete each section. By the time youre done, youll have a complete copy you can share with your organization.This Is How To Create A Style Guide Your Team Will Actually Use (+Free Template) What is a Content Style Guide, Anyway? For the purposes of this post, here's the definition we'll work with: A content style guide is a  document  that outlines the expectations and brand standards that every piece of content needs to meet. This should describe everything from grammar and spelling to design elements, like proper header use and logo placement. What Does a Style Guide Look Like? If you’re looking for even more information on how to build your style guide, check out the following 15 examples. MailChimp University of North Carolina Spotify Urban Outfitters Buzzfeed Drupal National Geographic Envatotuts+ Epic Content Marketing A List Apart Mozilla Google Developers GitHub Open Table FrontifyWhy Are Style Guides Important For Marketers? Style guides aren’t just for designers. They can help all content creators achieve the following: Understanding your standards of performance. What should every piece you publish include? Keep content consistent. This includes proper usage of branded terms, text formatting, and more. Learn how to write with your brand's voice. Your company should sound like your company, no matter who is writing the content. Above all, they help editors and managers save time reworking writer's content by setting clear expectations up front. Step 1. Consider Following AP Style If you ever took a journalism class, you're probably familiar with AP style. But, did you know there are other style books you can follow, too? Brands, like publishers, often base portions of their style guides on AP style. Consider ordering a copy for your office. Template Action Item: If you choose to use AP Style, drop links to external resources on AP style. Here's one from Purdue OWL, and another from Lake Sumter State College. Step 2. Establish Guidelines for Tense, Voice, and Point of View Even the best writers can use reminders on basic aspects of writing well. For team members who aren't writers by trade, including some general tips can help them avoid mistakes, too. General best practices should center around three writing elements: Tense: Should content be written in past, present, or future tense? Voice: While most writing should be in active voice, is passive voice acceptable for your brand in certain circumstances? Point of View: Should writers use first, second, or third-person perspective when writing as your company? Recommended Reading: How to Create a Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Understanding When to Use Active Voice  vs. Passive Voice Most content should be written in active voice. However, there are times when passive voice may be preferable. In order to use the correct voice, though, it's important to understand the difference between active and passive voice. (For clarification, this isn't referring to brand voice. That will be touched on later.) Active Voice:  When using active voice, the sentence's subject performs an action. Ex: makes great software. Passive Voice:  When using passive voice, an action is applied retroactively to the subject. Ex: The great software is made by . In the active voice example,  the subject comes first, followed by a verb. This differs from the passive voice example, where  the action comes first, followed by the subject.   Hear the difference? Active voices sounds much more fluid, while passive voice sounds formal. Past vs. Present vs. Future Tense Tenses tell readers when something will occur, or when it happened in the past. There are three tenses, each with four tense subcategories. Present Tense Present tense is an unchanging, repeated, or reoccurring action that exists right now. Present Tense Subcategories: Simple Present: The preferred use of present tense. It uses the least amount of words of all of the other forms, and is best for crafting clear and concise messaging. Present Progressive:  Indicates an action is ongoing that happens at the same time someone writes the statement. Present Perfect: An action that happens at an indefinite time in the past or begins in the past and continues to the present. Present Perfect Progressive: An action that begins in the past, continues to the present and may continue into the future. Past Tense Past tense expresses an action that starts and ends at a previous point in time. Past Tense Subcategories: Simple Past:   This is the preferred use of past tense. Like simple present tense, it is the least wordy of all the past tense sub-categories and is preferred because of its ability to be clear and concise. Past Progressive: An ongoing action that happens in the past at the same time as another action. Past Perfect: An action that happens in the past before another past action. Past Perfect Progressive: An action that begins in the past and ends before another action occurs. Future Tense Future tense expresses an action that occurs in the future. It is recommended that writers avoid writing in this style when they create content for potential customers. Future Tense Subcategories: Simple Future: As with the other two tenses, simple future is the preferred use of the tense as it is the least wordy and can be the most concise. Future Progressive: Indicates an ongoing action that happens in the future. Future Perfect: An action that happens in the future before another future action. Future Perfect Progressive: A future ongoing action that begins in the future before another future action. Point of View Point of view refers to the perspective the author assumes when writing. The Three Points of View: First Person: The speaker refers to themselves/itself. Ex: I get organized with . Second Person: The speaker addresses the reader directly. Ex: You can get organized with . Third Person/em: The speaker refers to a person, place, thing, or idea. Ex: helps marketers get organized. Template Action Item: Under the General Writing Best Practices header record the following information: Decide whether you will write in active or passive voice.  Explain when (or if) using active or passive voice is acceptable in your content. Teach writers how to choose between tenses. Show examples of different tenses and when to use each one. Choose a POV. Choose your POV and explain why content should be written in that POV. Include example text.Step 3. Translate Jargon Into Customer-Friendly Language Next, your style guide should explain how to translate jargon into conversational language customers will understand. Every company and industry uses some type of jargon. This could include acronyms, shorthand that refers to products, or terms you use internally (that most people wouldn't understand out of context). List common pieces of jargon and internal language, and offer better alternatives to use in content and copy instead. For example, a hybrid car manufacturer might use the term, "advanced technology-partial zero emission vehicle". What a mouthful, right? A car shopper might better understand "hybrid car" or "natural gas engine." Template Action Item:  Underneath The Internal Jargon Translations header: Record each piece of jargon that comes up in your customer-facing content on the left-hand side of the chart. Record the customer friendly translation of said jargon on the right-hand side of the chart. Add rows based on the number of terms that your writers will frequently come across. Step 4. Explain Writing Best Practices for Different Formats and Content Types The next piece of your style guide revolves around choosing and outlining expectations for the types of content your marketing team will create. There are many different types of content that you can choose to create. Some common content types include: Blog Posts Case Studies Infographics Podcasts Video Scripts Social Posts Website Content Email Now, you may have different style standards for different types of content. For example, social media posts would likely follow different best practices than video scripts. Take a look at MailChimp's style guide. They offer specific writing recommendations for numerous different channels and content types: Follow their lead with your own style guide. Include each type of content your team creates. Step 5. Identify How Branded Terms Must Be Spelled and Formatted Another section of your style guide should identify brand names, trademarks, and so forth that must be spelled a specific way every single time it is mentioned. Sometimes, this may have legal ramifications, like when you're using trademarked terms. Take a look at this example from Microsoft.com: Note that both Intel and Core feature different legal trademark symbols. Failure to get these right could result in a letter from Intel's lawyers. Here's another example from the same page: Note that PixelSense is written not only with a trademark symbol, but with a capital S. This is likely a branding consideration the company wants to keep consistent. If you have any branded terms that need to be spelled or formatted a certain way, whether for legal or stylistic reasons, document them in your style guide. Template Action Item: Under the Brand Terminology header, record each branded term your content uses in the chart in your template. If your company has a large number of products, consider including only those that writers will need to reference most often. Step 6. Define Your Brand Voice and Tone The next part of your style guide should explain the voice, tone, and style that your branded content should take. What is Brand Voice? Brand voice is the purposeful and consistent personification, or characterization of a brand often expressed through words, tone, and culture. As a marketer, it’s important to bring across this voice at all times, whether that be through content or any other media form. You may already have your brand voice figure out, but if you don’t try a brainstorming session with the following framework: We are [insert desired perception], but we are not [insert antonym of desired perception]. For example, if we were doing a brand voice session for a major software company, it might look something like: We are professional but not stuffy. We are smart but not arrogant. We are technology savvy but not inaccessible. Repeat this process 15 to 20 times. Then, choose four or five pairings that best fit your brand voice, and record them in your template.